Like the guy selling safe bleach! (Had his child drinking it out of the bottle to demo how safe. It takes some nerve.
It was bottles of water £1/bottle. People bought it.
I think they usually can tell by the age of the hens, and the breed of hen, some breeds are known to produce double yolks at certain ages, also the eggs tend to be a little bigger than normal for that breed, I get them myself occasionally, I usually know if they are double Yonkers but not always.
Ferlew's answer is exactly right… time was all eggs were 'candled" before being sent off for sale. A light device made for the task was used and each egg was held up to the light in turn. The purpose was to detect and remove any fertilized eggs, since there would be a blood spot in the egg. However, the technique works well for detecting double-yolked eggs as well...
It appears we are both correct, some are candled, some are a little bit guess work, some farmers just know what hens are going to lay double yokers and then they know by the larger eggs for that particular breed, that is how they do it around here anyway.