There is no time element. The "rate" is the measure of deaths in proportion to the population. It is accepted that the duration of the pandemic is near enough (as close as makes no difference) the same across most countries. Therefore the time element is not a consideration. Yes, "death ratio" is more accurate but "death rate" is the widely accepted term and everybody (of those who are interested, that is) knows what it means.
// EU countries are free to arrange their own vaccines.//
Not at the outset:
"The Commission and Member States have agreed on a joint action at the EU level. The Commission plans a centralised EU approach to securing supplies and providing support for the development of a vaccine."
"Under its vaccines strategy, the Commission has forged agreements with individual vaccine producers on behalf of EU countries. Once available, proven safe and effective, and authorised at EU level, all Member States will have access to COVID-19 vaccines at the same time and the distribution will be done on a per capita basis to ensure fair access."
"Objectives of the EU Vaccine Strategy:
- ensuring the quality, safety and efficacy of vaccines
- securing timely access to vaccines for Member States and their population while leading the global solidarity effort
-ensuring equitable and affordable access for all in the EU to an affordable vaccine as early as possible
-making sure that preparations are made in EU countries regarding the roll-out of safe and effective vaccines, addressing transportation and deployment needs, and identifying priority groups which should gain access to vaccines first
- The vaccine strategy should act as a reference point for Member States when formulating their national strategies."
Only when much of the above went belly-up did some countries take matters into their own hands.