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What are the main disadvantages of gardening next to a main road

01:00 Mon 17th Sep 2001 |

A. Gardeners living by main roads have to live with two sorts of pollution, noise pollution and airborne pollution. There are trees and shrubs that are particularly good at counteracting the former, but careful choices are required when dealing with the later. Ignoring the problems that pollution from cars can bring could lead to costly mistakes.


Q. What does airborne pollution do to the garden

A. One of the principal effects is to actually enrich the soil with nitrogen, which is a direct bi-product of exhaust fumes. The problem with the extra fertility is that it often encourages strong growing weeds like nettles and coarse grasses that can swamp more desirable flowers.


Then there are elements like lead and salt from winter road gritting that can decimate more tender plants and the sooty dust that settles on leaves, preventing plants breath properly and hindering the absorption of light.


Q. What sort of trees and shrubs are good for filtering out noise

A. Just think of driving through France and you'll visualise lines of plain trees. However, splendid and pollution-tolerant though they are, these are generally too tall for a standard British garden. There is plenty of other choice, and it basically comes down to whether you want your traffic insulation to be evergreen or deciduous.


Excellent evergreen's that will grow relatively quickly and soon filter noise are clump-forming bamboos such as Phyllostachys aurea and Phyll. bissettii, the laurels Prunus laurocerasus 'Rotundifolia', (cherry laurel) and P. lustinica (Portuguese laurel) and Hollies. It is worth considering cypresses as well for their thick evergreen foliage. The much-hated Leylandii is at its most useful screening off motorways and trunk roads, but only ever plant it if you are prepared to trim it back hard every year without fail.


Some people find an evergreen 'wall' too much all year round, especially if it restricts much needed winter light to the house, and with few gaps for the wind to get through they can suffer from being constantly blown about.


Deciduous alternatives that allow the wind through while cutting down on traffic noise include Hawthorn, Cotoneaster, Pyracantha and Philadelphus.


Q. What about decorative plants that do well near roads

A. One of the great joys of spring are the Magnolias in all shapes and forms that thrive in the atmosphere in some of our most built up and congested cities. Shrubs like Fatsia Japonica, Hydrangea macrophylla and Lilac have all also proved to be pollution tolerant.


Just a quick look at some of Britain's roadside verges provides plenty of clues as to flowering perennials that don't mind being near roads. Primroses and Cranesbills (geraniums) are all to be seen by motorways and on traffic islands, as are Poppies and Valerian, both red and white.


If you live by a road that is often treated in winter, it is worth thinking about planting things that are naturally tolerant of salt spray, plants that do well by the coast like Lavatera, Olearia (Daisy bush) Phormiums, Cordylines and Torbay Palms. To protect other plants from salt and to get rid of soot and dust, it is worth hosing your plants down regularly to keep them clean.


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By Tom Gard

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