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It's probably redundant to state that cocaine is derived from the coca leaves used for centuries by natives of South America, especially those living in the high altitudes of the Andes as a help with the effects of altitude sickness. It's not much of a leap to understand that, just as with many other naturally derived health helps, the natives figured out how to increase its affects by "cooking it down".
One source says "...The alkaloid was first scientifically isolated from the coca plant by Albert Neiman in 1860, when it received its name of cocaine. Soon after it was used as an anesthetic, where it found its way into the hospitals and its use was fairly common by doctors everywhere during the following years..."
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